Ping is a computer network administration software utility used to test the reachability of a host on network. (means you are reachable to that host or not by using ping command)
when you are pinging any host what actually happen.
it will send normally 4 packets to other host which you want to ping .
if your are using ipv4 then packet is as below.
Source: wikipedia.com
If you are using ipv6 then packet is as below.
Source:Wikipedia.com
Function: Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
Protocol used : ICMP ( ICMP protocol should allowed in Firewall)
ICMP : Use: Internet Control Message Protocol
Ping IPAdress or web address
ping 10.0.0.1
when you are pinging any host what actually happen.
it will send normally 4 packets to other host which you want to ping .
if your are using ipv4 then packet is as below.
| Bits 0–7 | Bits 8–15 | Bits 16–23 | Bits 24–31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Header (20 bytes) | Version/IHL | Type of service | Length | |
| Identification | flags and offset | |||
| Time To Live (TTL) | Protocol | Header Checksum | ||
| Source IP address | ||||
| Destination IP address | ||||
| ICMP Header (8 bytes) | Type of message | Code | Checksum | |
| Header Data | ||||
| ICMP Payload (optional) | Payload Data | |||
If you are using ipv6 then packet is as below.
| Bits 0–3 | Bits 4–7 | Bits 8–11 | Bits 12–15 | Bits 16–23 | Bits 24–31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Header (40 bytes) | Version | Traffic Class | Flow Label | |||
| Payload Length | Next Header | Hop Limit | ||||
| Source Address | ||||||
| Destination Address | ||||||
| ICMP6 Header (8 bytes) | Type of message | Code | Checksum | |||
| Header Data | ||||||
| ICMP6 Payload (optional) | Payload Data | |||||
Source:Wikipedia.com
Function: Send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network hosts
Protocol used : ICMP ( ICMP protocol should allowed in Firewall)
ICMP : Use: Internet Control Message Protocol
Example:
Ping IPAdress or web address
ping 10.0.0.1
$ ping -c 5 www.example.com PING www.example.com (93.184.216.34): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 93.184.216.34: icmp_seq=0 ttl=56 time=11.632 ms 64 bytes from 93.184.216.34: icmp_seq=1 ttl=56 time=11.726 ms 64 bytes from 93.184.216.34: icmp_seq=2 ttl=56 time=10.683 ms 64 bytes from 93.184.216.34: icmp_seq=3 ttl=56 time=9.674 ms 64 bytes from 93.184.216.34: icmp_seq=4 ttl=56 time=11.127 ms --- www.example.com ping statistics --- 5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0.0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 9.674/10.968/11.726/0.748 ms
The ping utility was written by Mike Muuss in December 1983 as a tool to troubleshoot problems in an IP network.
Ping is a very essential command to troubleshooting and diagnosis
Error indications
In cases of no response from the target host, most implementations display either nothing or periodically print notifications about timing out. Possible ping results indicating a problem include the following:H, !N or !P – host, network or protocol unreachable S – source route failed F – fragmentation needed U or !W – destination network/host unknown I – source host is isolated A – communication with destination network administratively prohibited Z – communication with destination host administratively prohibited Q – for this ToS the destination network is unreachable T – for this ToS the destination host is unreachable X – communication administratively prohibited V – host precedence violation C – precedence cutoff in effect
In case of error, the target host or an intermediate router sends back an ICMP error message, for example "host unreachable" or "TTL exceeded in transit". In addition, these messages include the first eight bytes of the original message (in this case header of the ICMP echo request, including the quench value), so the ping utility can match responses to originating queries.
References:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ping_(networking_utility)
https://www.lifewire.com/ping-command-2618099
Thanks
ReplyDeletewhich protocol does ping command uses?